Method and machine for preparing charcoal.



H'. 1. HABER.

METHOD AND MACHINE FoH P'REPARING cHAHcoAL. APPLICATION `FILEDFEBI9|19II Patented 06A 23, 1917.

allkyfwlwm t may concern HENRY' J. or cLEvnLAND, onrdfassreivoa onTurani-,riva omi-,

nunnnnmnsro won'rnnvecron norm, orlcznvnnann, 0moj.` y

Be it known that I,` HENRY J. Hanna, a

i citizen of the United States, residing vat `Cleveland inthe county ofCuyahoga and' State of` y hio, havek invented a certain new and `usefulImprovement `in Methods-and Machines for Preparing Charcoal, of which 1the followingis'aiulh clear, andexact descri tion.

T `is invention relates to a method of preparing wooden pieces or stripswhich are particularly intended to becharred for the purpose of makingcharcoal, and also :relates `1 toa machine `by which the'wood piecesmay')1a bereplared. v i t t epresentftim'e it is customary inthematterofvpreparing charcoahto heat in a closedretortlafbody of wood suchas a log vor* large pieceand after the wood ischarred togrl-nd the largelum of charred kwood thus produced in suita le machines; vthis grindingwill produce charcoal pieces of va- 'rious sizesand will alsoproduce a.great deal (of dust which is practically a waste product.

the lastfew years there'has grownup al greatndemand for charcoal piecesof ra certaink size, these piecesy beingfquitesmall and used'largelyinheat treatment ofsteel, used in connection with other chemical sustances' to pack the steel articlefin a retort in which it is to betreated.

" The fact that in grinding charredwood ythere is no certainty ofproducing any lgiven percentageof charred pieces of the desiredsize,land the factl that the desired size seems to be `rather difficultto producer 1n large quantities under present methods, has causedchal-@0&1 of this well recognized size in the trade, to become 40'invention to provide a vmethod bywhich articular size, which is aextremely high .in price. y, v

\ It isthe'main purpose and object of this wood initsgreen state isformed in pieces Y orstrips whichafter charring ma readily 45H13efground or broken rinto pieces o the size which is desirable'. Afurther object is to produce a machine which willproduce pieces Tras`roiwood inv `the green state vwhich when charred will lil.) y iGenerally s eaking, vthe invention may be l said to comprise theelements and combina-v tions thereof set forthin the accompanying givecharcoal pieces ofthe desired size. l

claims. Reference should be had vto `thefaccomduction ofy charcoal, lIkinto certain strips or of the strip runs a ,METHOD ANDnnomnnronranrnamf" "e l' i L v y y 'ntedoeajaa 1917.'nppneationmedrebruaryy19,1917. vseriaiiu.149,474?. l" f` panyingvdrawings `forming ka. partyoffthis e specification, in lwhich Figurelrepresents in elevation withv portions in section` thev rincipalelements of` a machine for perormmg the desiredufunctiom Fig.'y 2 is' aplan view of section of the troughworg'uidewayin "which a log orthepiecey of wood will be'guided and fed to the gouges; `4. is a crosssecviewwhi'ch `is intendedr to showfthe positions in which the sets ofgouges will suckzee'ssivelyjk atg' F1g. 6 isl an elevation with`portionsin section of another form of machine;` Fig. 7y

shows in perspective approximately the 'form In carrying outmy methodfor the'pro# strips or pieces l prefer toform by causing a somewhathollow gougeto-traversea ypiece of vwood ina direction which cuts-the"in of the ywood at anV` angle. j The ang ey at, *which` the gouge cuts'the grain ofithe'wood preparezgreen woodsmallv pieces, these f ce gangs`of sets of: gouges lused upon the machine; Fig.3 is atransverse;`

a5,- tiony of a gouge; Fig. 5 `1s a diagrammatic in which the plesorstr1PS 0f wood `are cut y,from the larger mass yof zwood. .y

may be varied somewhat but .I have ob-y i tained good results 'when`cutting the ywood at an anglf approximately 459 witnre-l spect to thegrain `of the wood.` This then produces a strip or piecein which the"grain` gles to the axis o the strip sothatjifthe strlp be severed orbroken it will breakfoif into a number of smaller pieces, the facesv ofwhich pieces are approximately parallels l These strlps or piecesarethen charred iu the same manner as at'presentis thepractice, I

and after they are charred they are broken particular :form ofstrip-when charred'fand broken up will produce substantially#` no fcharcoal" dust, so 'that all the pieces `obtained by the treatment willbe of some size which is commercially usable. i

proximately at lright an- The form of the piena.v which, iyte.

broken from such la vstrip as thatfshow'n in f Fig .7, will approximatea diamondwshape 1 incross section except that ofy courseltwo of theadjacent. sides will be slightly :concave convex. This shape lendsitself veryfnicely `while the other two adjacent sides will be angular,fit closely around -thesha-ft' st'eel'aiticle pieces for 1heat treatmentinasmuch as the outline of the pieces enables them to being prepa-fed.

In Fig. 1 there 1s showntheelements o fa machine which may le' -'used inpreparing green wood vfor the charring process. This machine'comprises'atrough-like member .10

whichis adapted to receive a half a log or piece of Wood of any shapewhich is suitable `for the purpose. Above thetrough and suitably held tobeanupon the log withiny the trough 'is a presser member r11 whichfholdsthelog'steady under the action of the gouges which willfbev laterexplained. `Adjacent-the vforward endof the trough l is a wheellikemember 12. yThis member is mounted upon *a suitable shaft'13 which shaftwill be sup- .ported in 'suitable bearings which are not shown. Thewhe'ehlike member12 might perhaps ybe-more aptly, described asa drum asit is of sufficient width to accommodate a gang or unit of gougessuchasindicated at V'141. The gang of-gouges comprises a base -thefirst setofgouges which'would operate portion 15 upon which are mounted a series ofindividual ygouges 16. =Each fof. the

gouges in cross section approximates the form shown in Fig. 4. Y Thereare a plurality of sets ofgouges as lwill b,eseen-from Fig. 1 ,1althoughmoreibr less than 'thefnumber of gougefsets there 5 shown mayl be'used,and'thegouges ofeach set .will differ-1 slightlyinl that the-gouges ofthel set which follows suchafset-as shown in "the upperpart of: Fig. 2will he placed Vas shown in the Vlower part of Fig.2,=that is to say, sothat the second set ofrgouges will workupon-the vwood'which was leftbetween the 'cuts taken bythe first set'- ofgouges.

Byreferring'to Fig. 5,we mayfsay that uponjthe wood would cut outportions such as indicatedat 1 7 in Fig. 5, and leaveupstandingportionsVsuchas indicated at 18.v

.The Second. set of gouges would fcutf beneath the upstandin'g portions18s0 that'ther final f piece removed would includenot onlythe vportion18.*b'utfalso the lower V-shaped portion '19. The form of the stripremovedis .fairly Well indicat'edin Fig. '70 the drawmg. The wheel- 12is so arranged 'with respect y*to* the logor piece of Wood whichis tozben -cut,ftha't thegouges when: they engagethe woodito -cutthe same,will-engage-v and cut atapproximately an langleof 45 with fr'e spect tothe longitudinal axi's'of the log,'in

which same'direction the grain of the log runs, so that thestripcut, itwill befseen,

isfgrained transversely 4of the strip, land therefore enablesthe stripvto'be'feasily: parted YES The gougesr'employed are hollow andi the`strip :of wood passes through the hollow vgougei'and vis `dropped fromthe: gouge 'as the wheel rotates. The stripsthus gouged maybe'c'ollected in a suitable receptacle and are ytheir-in condition`Ytoghe' charred.

One forr'n of 'a-feeding-mearhs, which may ,beemployed to feed to thegouges the log y'b'eilg'out,isihdictedin Fig. 1. This com- "rises apusher member 20 which engages the vback end of the log or pieceof wood.This Lpusher member has associated with it a nut 21 which is threadedupon a screw 22. This screw shaft-is mountedlin suitablebearings, ohe dfwhich is 'indicatedat 23 and at jthis end the shafthasa bevelfJgear2-1which -meshes with a second bevel Vgear v25,--carri`ed upon a 'shaft 26vwhich'shaft i-srmounted in suitable 'bearingsv not shown. :Upon theshaft 26 there area :pluralityfotl Varl'ns27 feo which arein thexpath ofand adaptedtobe engaged in succession by a plurality of Strikerfmembers28 Whichar'e carried upon .the `wheel rand `Whichsare vin such aposition as to'strike one of the arms 27.fjust after a set of gouges to'which it isadjacent hasperfformedits gouging action upon'the wood.

This striking of the arm causesfthe shaft 25. :tb turn and Vthrough the-gearsx25and 24 vcauses thescr'ew shaft-22 to'turn and there- 4forethemember v20` forces; the log forward in the trough a suicie'ntdistance topresent 1a-new surface Jfor the succeeding :set lof' uges..

f formiof the macliineisshownY in Fig. 6.v In this form of I machine-thetrough 10 and theqpresser member, 1-1 are theSame. The cutting'.ougesarealsofthe samefthat is tofsay, so ar as theirarangementfin-ygangs is concerned, but in fplace of the wheel '12, I.Vhave shown an endless n chain or belt upon which the gangsof gouges "aremounted. These gangsof lgouges Will bearranged VVso that vthey will, cutthe log or pieceof wood yto be'operated upon -in exactly ythe'sa'memanneras I heretofore explained.

In order'to impartxrigdity to lthegouges asthey' arecutting. thezwood, Imay provide any `suitable form of backing member such as indicated at30, which will support 'and :give-rigidity to the endless belt, or,chain at that portion thereof whichis adjacent the dog, so that eachsucceeding of 4vfgouges will receive support and be rigidly andrmly heldyWhilecutting the wood.

be equippedwith ,some rsuitable form ,of

v mechanism lfor feeding the' log forward,

such frs-indicated in connection with Fig. 1. Having -thus described ymyinvention, whatiIclaimis: i I f 1. The method of preparing wood -forcharringywhich consists incutting strips of wood" so that thegrainextends transversely withrespectto thelength of the strip.

2. The method of preparing woodor making charcoal, tWhich consists incutting from a log or larger piece of wood, strips which in crosssection resemble a diamond shape, the grain of the wood in the stripsextending substantially transversely with respect to the length of thestrip.

3. In an apparatus for the purpose described, the combination with meansfor holding a piece of wood to be operated on, of a gouge and means formoving said gouge to cut the Wood at an angle with respect to the grainof the piece of wood being operated on.

4. In an apparatus of the character described, the combination withmeans for supporting a piece of wood to be operated upon, of a gougecarrier, a gouge upon said carrier, said gouge carrier being positionedto move the gouge to cut the wood being treated at an angle with respectto the grain of the wood being treated.

5. In a device of the character described, the combination with meansfor supporting a piece' of wood to be operated upon, a gouge carrier, aplurality of spaced gouges mounted upon the said carrier, and means formoving the said carrier, thereby to bring each of said gougessuccessively into operation upon the piece of wood being cut, each ofthe gouges engaging with the wood to cut the same at an angle ofapproximately 45 degrees with respect to the grain of the Wood to becut.

6. In a device of the character described, the combination with meansfor holding a piece of wood to be operated upon, a plurality of sets ofgouges adapted to operate in succession, and means for supporting andmoving the said sets of gouges, the gouges of one set being arranged instaggered relation to the gouges of the adjacent sets whereby the gougesof one set out the wood being operated upon between the portions cut b apreceding set.

7. n a device of the character described, the combination with means forsupporting a piece of wood to be. operated upon, a gouge carrier, aplurality of spaced sets of gouges mounted upon the carrier, the gougesof each set being arranged in staggered relation to the gouges ofadjacent sets whereby the gouges of one set cut the wood oper ated onbetween the portions cut by a preceding set, each set of gouges beingarranged to cut the wood at an angle with respect to the grain of thewood operated upon.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto alix my signature.

HENRY J. HABER.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for ve cents each, by addressingthe "Gcmmissioner ot Patents, Washington, D. C.

